MuscleTables
1
MuscleTables
Table1-6
MUSCLE
PROXIMAL
ATTACHMENT
(ORIGIN)
DISTAL
ATTACHMENT
(INSERTION)
INNERVATION
MAIN ACTIONS
BLOOD SUPPLY
MUSCLE
GROUP
Superior pharyngeal
constrictor
Hamulus,
pterygomandibular
raphe, mylohyoid
line of mandible
Median raphe of
pharynx
Vagus nerve via
pharyngeal
plexus
Constricts wall of
pharynx during
swallowing
Ascending pharyngeal
artery, ascending
palatine and
tonsillar branches of
facial artery, dorsal
branches of lingual
artery
Circular
pharyngeal
Superior rectus
Common tendinous ring
Superior aspect of
eyeball,
posterior to
the
corneoscleral
junction
Oculomotor nerve
(CN III),
superior
division
Elevates, adducts, and
medially rotates
eyeball
Ophthalmic artery
Extra-ocular
Temporalis
Floor of temporal fossa,
deep temporal
fascia
Coronoid process
and ramus of
mandible
Mandibular nerve
(CN V
3
),deep
temporal
nerves
Elevates mandible;
posterior fibers
retrude mandible
Superficial temporal and
maxillary arteries,
middle, anterior,
and posterior deep
temporal arteries
Mastication
Tensor tympani
Cartilage of
pharyngotympanic
(auditory,
eustachian) tube
Handle of malleus
Mandibular
branch of
trigeminal
nerve (CN V
3
)
Tenses tympanic
membrane by
drawing it
medially
Superior tympanic
branch of middle
meningeal division
of maxillary artery
Middle ear
Tensor veli palatini
Scaphoid fossa of
medial pterygoid
plate, spine of
sphenoid,
pharyngotympanic
(auditory,
eustachian) tube
Palatine
aponeurosis
Mandibular nerve
Tenses soft palate,
opens
pharyngotympanic
(auditory,
eustachian) tube
during swallowing
and yawning
Ascending palatine
artery branch of
facial artery,
descending palatine
artery branch of
maxillary artery
Palatal
Thyro-arytenoid
Posterior aspect of
thyroid cartilage
Muscular process
of arytenoid
cartilage
Recurrent
laryngeal
nerve
Shortens and relaxes
vocal cords,
sphincter of
vestibule
Superior and inferior
thyroid arteries
Laryngeal
Thyrohyoid
Oblique line on lamina
of thyroid cartilage
Lower border of
body and
greater horn
of hyoid bone
Thyrohyoid
branch of C1
nerve via
hypoglossal
nerve (CN XII)
Depresses larynx and
hyoid bone,
elevates thyroid
cartilage
Hyoid branch of
superior thyroid
artery
Infrahyoid
Transverse and
oblique
arytenoid
Arytenoid cartilage
Opposite
arytenoid
cartilage
Recurrent
laryngeal
nerve
Closes
intercartilaginous
portion of rima
glottides
Superior and inferior
thyroid arteries
Laryngeal
Transverse (tongue)
Median fibrous septum
of tongue
Dorsum and sides
of tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
(CN XII)
Narrows and
elongates tongue
Deep lingual branch of
lingual artery,
branches from facial
artery
Intrinsic tongue
Uvular muscle
Nasal spine, palatine
aponeurosis
Mucosa of uvula
Vagus nerve via
pharyngeal
plexus
Shortens, elevates,
and retracts uvula
Ascending palatine
artery branch of
facial artery,
descending palatine
artery branch of
maxillary artery
Palatal
Vertical (tongue)
Mucous membrane on
dorsum of forepart
of tongue
Fibers extend
from
dorsum to
undersurface
of tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
(CN XII)
Flattens and broadens
tongue
Deep lingual branch of
lingual artery,
branches from facial
artery
Intrinsic tongue
Vocalis
Vocal process of
arytenoid cartilage
Vocal ligament
Recurrent
laryngeal
nerve
Tenses anterior vocal
ligament, relaxes
posterior vocal
ligament
Superior and inferior
thyroid arteries
Laryngeal
Zygomaticus major
Zygomatic arch
Angle of mouth
Zygomatic and
buccal
branches of
facial nerve
Draws angle of mouth
backward and
upward
Superior labial branch of
facial artery
Facial
expression
Zygomaticus minor
Zygomatic arch
Angle of mouth,
upper lip
Zygomatic and
buccal
branches of
facial nerve
Elevates upper lip
Superior labial branch of
facial artery
Facial
expression
